20 Places You Must See Before You Die in Turkey

Is it possible to travel through Turkey and not come across a different story in every corner? This land is like a treasure chest where thousands of years of history meets the generosity of nature. While preparing this list, the traveller's enthusiasm in us did not rest for a moment. From the silent stance of the Sumela Monastery on the steep slopes of the Black Sea to the fairytale silhouette of the Ishak Pasha Palace in Ağrı; from the gigantic sculptures of Mount Nemrut to the peaceful waters of Artvin Karagöl, every place called us to itself. The snow-white travertines of Pamukkale, the foggy mornings of Pokut Plateau, the mystery of Göbeklitepe that takes us to the zero point of history... All of them, like friends, were saying, ‘Come and experience me’. This list is not just a travel route; it is an invitation to discover the soul of Turkey, its mountains, plateaus, ancient cities and hidden corners.

Don't Die Without Seeing These Places

1. Sumela Monastery, Trabzon
2. Ishak Pasha Palace,Agri
3. Mount Nemrut, Kahta, Adıyaman
4. Karagol, Artvin
5. Pamukkale, Denizli
6. Kümbet Plateau, Giresun
7. Mount Erciyes, Kayseri
8. Xanthos Ancient City, Antalya - Mugla
9. Oludeniz, Fethiye, Mugla
10. Pokut Plateau, Çamlıhemşin, Rize
11. Ballıca Cave, Tokat
12. Gobeklitepe, Sanliurfa
13. Hasankeyf, Batman
14. Akdamar Island, Gevas Van
15. Ephesus, Izmir
16. Uzungol, Trabzon
17. Myra Ancient City, Antalya
18. Cumalıkızık Village, Bursa
19. Church of Father Christmas, Demre
20. Cave of the Seven Sleepers, Selcuk

Sumela Monastery, Trabzon

The Sumela Monastery, rising among the lush green valleys of the Black Sea, hangs over the steep cliffs as if it will touch the sky. Hidden deep in the Altındere Valley in the Maçka district of Trabzon, this fascinating structure is like a perfect harmony of history and nature. To reach the monastery, which is 1,200 metres above sea level, you must first cross a walking path surrounded by lush forests. With every step you take, you better understand how this place has fascinated people for centuries. According to legend, the Athenian monks Barnabas and Sophronios saw the Virgin Mary in their dreams one night and built this sacred building following her guidance. Having survived from the 4th century to the present day, Sümela is not only a centre of worship, but also a historical heritage from Byzantium to the Ottoman Empire. According to the rumour; The monastery, which underwent various repairs over time, maintained its importance even during Yavuz Sultan Selim's governorship of Trabzon; It is even said that the sultan gave five oil lamps here as a gift. When you step into the monastery, a mystical atmosphere welcomes you. The frescoes adorning the walls of the main rock church are decorated with scenes from the Bible and figures depicting the life of the Virgin Mary. Especially the depictions of heaven and hell, which were discovered with the recent restoration works, increase the artistic value of this place even more.

Ishak Pasha Palace, Agri

As you head towards Doğubayazıt district of Ağrı, your eyes will catch a fascinating structure rising on the horizon: Ishak Pasha Palace. Just like an eagle's nest, this structure, which dominates the plain at the top of the steep cliffs, takes you back to the past with its historical splendour and its location intertwined with nature. İshak Pasha Palace was started to be built by Çolak Abdi Pasha in 1685 and after a century of work, it was completed by his grandson İshak Pasha II in 1784. Intertwining Ottoman, Seljuk and Persian architecture, this building is much more than a classic palace. The fine workmanship on the exterior, elegant stone reliefs and skilfully designed courtyards reveal the artistic understanding of the period.One of the most remarkable parts of the palace is the harem apartment. The decorations and the layout of the rooms here allow you to understand the palace life at that time. The elegant domes of the mosque, the splendid atmosphere of the divan hall and the east portal with fascinating details are among the elements that make this place unique. Spread over a large area of 115x50 metres, this complex, besides being a centre of administration in its time, is one of the most magnificent Ottoman buildings in the east. When you look at the plain from the terrace of the palace, it is impossible not to admire the endless view stretching to the horizon. Especially at sunset... The view that emerges as the red rays of the sun hit the stone walls of the palace is like something out of a film.

Mount Nemrut, Adıyaman

If you want to watch the sunrise differently, the address is clear: Mount Nemrut. In the Kahta district of Adıyaman, at an altitude of 2,150 metres, in the shadow of gigantic statues, get ready to witness a view intertwined with history. The sun does not just rise or set here; it carries a story from thousands of years ago to the present day. Mount Nemrut is home to a giant mausoleum built by King Antiochos I of Commagene in the 1st century BC. Antiochos, inspired by both Persian and Hellenic cultures, was a ruler who equated himself with the gods. That's why he had giant statues erected on the summit, depicting himself and the gods side by side. Zeus, Apollo, Heracles and the Commagene goddess Tyche are still standing and greeting visitors today. Although the heads of the statues have been separated from their main bodies over time and scattered on the ground, this situation adds a different atmosphere to the mystical atmosphere of Nemrut. Especially if you come at the right time to watch the sunrise or sunset... As the sun filters through the statues and leaves a golden yellow glow on the stone surfaces, you will feel like a part of ancient times.

Karagol, Artvin

If you want to get lost in nature and feel the peace in every breath, turn your route to Karagöl. This lake, hidden among the lush forests in the Borçka district of Artvin, takes you to a completely different world. Time slows down here, the sound of nature makes you forget the noise of city life. The chirping of birds, the dance of the gently blowing wind with the leaves and the magic of the endless green reflected in the lake... Being in Karagöl is one of the rare moments that make you feel like a part of nature. The formation of the lake is like the story of a natural wonder. Formed in the 19th century when the Klaskur Stream was blocked by a landslide, Karagöl has gained a unique beauty with the forests surrounding it over the years. Now this place is one of the indispensable stops for nature lovers, campers and photography enthusiasts. Especially in autumn, when the trees surrounding the lake take on yellow, orange and red tones, it takes on a fairytale atmosphere. When you come here, don't just watch the scenery. In Karagöl, you can take a peaceful boat tour on the lake by watching the reflection of the sky and trees, and take a walk in the forest and breathe in the fresh air.

Pamukkale, Denizli

Nature sometimes creates such wonders that it is inevitable for people to question whether it is real or not. Pamukkale is just such a place. In the heart of Denizli, with its snow-white travertines stretching as far as the eye can see, it is almost like something from another planet. This unique natural wonder, formed by hot springs leaving their calcareous waters for thousands of years, is one of the most impressive sights not only in Turkey but also in the world. When you first step here, you may be surprised to see the hard surfaces formed by limestones, which look as soft as cotton in front of your eyes. It is free to walk on the travertines, but you must take off your shoes. While the warm waters touch your feet, walking among the soft waves feels like therapy. Especially at sunset, the red tones falling on the cotton white of the sun turn this miracle of nature into a work of art. Pamukkale is not only about travertines. While you are here, you cannot return without visiting the ancient city of Hierapolis, famous for its healing waters of antiquity. The magnificent theatre from the Roman period, the ancient pool and the Temple of Apollo are among the structures that make you feel the splendour of the past. Swimming in the ancient pool is one of the most enjoyable things to do in Pamukkale.

Kümbet Plateau, Giresun

In the lush nature of the Black Sea, there is a paradise hidden in the hills competing with the clouds: Kümbet Plateau. This natural wonder, one of the most favourite plateaus of Giresun, is an escape point that soothes the soul with its oxygen-filled air, endless meadows and wooden plateau houses. When you arrive at the plateau, you are greeted by the smell of pine and a cool breeze. Especially in the morning hours, the fog floating between the mountains adds a fairy-tale atmosphere to this place. Every corner is like something out of a postcard; lush forests on one side and wide plains adorned with flowers on the other... Especially if you come across the Kümbet Plateau Festivals organised in summer, you can make this nature feast even more enjoyable with local folk dances and kemençe melodies. You cannot return without hiking in the plateau. There are many points to explore in the neighbourhood such as Kulakkaya Plateau. If you are looking for a little more adventure, there are great routes for nature walks and photography in the region. It is possible to encounter another natural beauty at every step here.

Mount Erciyes, Kayseri

Mount Erciyes, the majestic summit of Kayseri reaching to the sky, is one of the most impressive natural wonders not only in Anatolia but also in Turkey. At 3,917 metres, Erciyes is the fifth highest mountain in the country, and its imposing stance, still bearing the traces of its volcanic past, attracts ski enthusiasts in winter and nature lovers in summer. This place is like a scene of nature that shows its completely different faces throughout the four seasons. Erciyes, which is covered with a white blanket in winter, stands out as one of Turkey's most developed ski centres. It is one of the favourite addresses of visitors with its European standard slopes, modern facilities and tracks arranged according to different difficulty levels. Thanks to its high snow quality and long season, it is a unique place for ski and snowboard enthusiasts.  In spring and summer, Erciyes takes on a completely different identity. The paths leading to the summit of Erciyes are just the right time for mountain hikers and nature photographers. The surrounding plateaus are decorated with colourful wildflowers, while the crater lakes and high altitude cool air provide a unique environment for campers. While climbing to the summit offers an unforgettable adventure experience for adrenaline enthusiasts, activities such as cycling routes and paragliding also enliven the summer months.

Xanthos Ancient City

Xanthos Ancient City is a fascinating place in the heart of Lycia, where history and nature are intertwined. This ancient city, located near the village of Kınık in today's Kaş, impresses its visitors not only with its stone walls and columns, but also with the legends it leaves behind. Xanthos, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List, is known as one of the most important political and cultural centres of the Lycian civilisation. One of the elements that make Xanthos special is the passion for freedom and the spirit of resistance of its people. According to ancient sources, during the Persian invasion, the people of Xanthos set their city on fire and sacrificed themselves in order not to surrender it to the enemy. The city, which has been destroyed and rebuilt many times over the centuries, bears the traces of this brave past in every corner. Tomb monuments, inscriptions and temples offer strong clues to the rich culture of Lycia. Among the most remarkable structures in Xanthos are the famous Lycian sarcophagi and rock tombs. Especially the tomb stele known as the Harpy Monument attracts great attention with its reliefs. In addition, the theatre and agora from the Roman period have a fascinating atmosphere for those who want to feel the traces of the past more closely. One of the most important ruins of the city is the Nereidler Monument, now on display at the British Museum in London. While the architectural heritage of Xanthos bears the traces of different civilisations in the region, it gives everyone who visits here the magic of the past.

Oludeniz, Fethiye

Oludeniz, one of the most fascinating natural wonders of Turkey, is like a postcard with its turquoise waters and white beaches in Fethiye... This unique bay, which takes its name from its calm and wave-free structure, is not just a beach; it is also a place where nature offers all its generosity. When you take your first step into Ölüdeniz, the perfect harmony of the deep blue sea with the green pine forests welcomes you. The fine sand and clear waters of the coast promise a peace that embraces you. The lagoon, which harbours every shade of the sea, makes swimming almost a meditation. Its shallow and calm structure makes it an ideal spot for water sports and diving. However, Ölüdeniz is famous not only for its sea but also for its paragliding experience starting from the summit of Babadağ. This region, which is considered one of the best paragliding centres in the world, is also perfect for adrenaline enthusiasts.

Pokut Plateau, Çamlıhemşin

Imagine a place intertwined with the clouds in the fascinating nature of the Black Sea. Pokut Plateau is located in Çamlıhemşin district of Rize, approximately 2,32 metres above sea level, a corner of paradise where green and fog dance. The changing landscapes at every moment of the journey make you realise why this road is the dream of every nature lover. Travelling to the plateau can be a bit troublesome thanks to the uneven roads offered by nature, but the view that greets you when you arrive is impressive enough to make you forget all the tiredness. The wooden plateau houses, which appear and disappear among the waves of fog that give the feeling of eternity, complete the fairy-tale atmosphere of Pokut. The view that emerges in the mornings when the fog curtain opens makes you feel like you are in a world above the clouds. Time flows differently here. Telephone signal is weak, roads are dirt, but peace is everywhere. It is almost a ritual to wake up early in the morning, breathe in the fresh air and start the day with a highland breakfast. The flavours of the Black Sea's special mihlama, fresh cheeses and tea brewed in a wood fire make you feel the generosity of nature in every bite. One of the most beautiful aspects of Pokut is the discovery opportunities it offers to nature lovers with its hiking routes. The short walk to the nearby Sal Plateau resembles a scene from a nature film. Lush green meadows, vast forests and mountain silhouettes appearing after the hills increase the excitement of exploring this place many times over.

Ballıca Cave, Tokat

How about discovering another world hidden under the ground in Pazar district of Tokat? Ballıca Cave is like a work of art patiently crafted by nature over millions of years. It is considered to be one of the most impressive caves in the world not only for its size but also for the stalactite and stalagmite formations it contains. This natural wonder, which is thought to have started to form approximately 3-4 million years ago, has a structure that you cannot get enough of exploring with its 8 halls and a length of 680 metres. The moment you step into the cave, the cool and humid air inside hits your face. As you descend underground, the magnificent view formed by stalactites and stalagmites in different forms draws you in. One of the most important features that distinguish Ballıca Cave from the others is the onion stalactites. These formations, which are rare in the world, fascinate those who visit the cave. Huge columns, limestone curtain-like structures and ponds hidden in the depths of the cave make it feel like a door to another planet. The cave, every corner of which can be seen in detail thanks to the lighting, keeps the sense of discovery alive. Every step you take reveals a different formation and a new detail. Another remarkable aspect of Ballıca Cave is that its air is said to be good for respiratory diseases. It is stated that especially asthma patients feel more comfortable here due to its high oxygen content and low carbon dioxide level.

Gobeklitepe, Sanliurfa

Rising on the mystical lands of Şanlıurfa, Göbeklitepe is one of the discoveries that changed the course of history. Here, there are traces from thousands of years ago that go beyond what we know about human history. This ancient site, which archaeologists are working on with excitement, rewrites the history of the world not only with its size but also with the meaning it carries.Göbeklitepe, which dates back to approximately 12,000 years ago, is considered to be the oldest known temple complex. In other words, it is older than the Egyptian pyramids and even Stonehenge. The fact that it was built before the beginning of agriculture and settled life takes this place to a completely different dimension. It is still unclear how hunter-gatherer communities built such a gigantic structure. However, there is strong evidence that it was used as a worship centre. When you step into the area, you are greeted by huge T-shaped standing stones. These stones with animal figures, abstract symbols and human depictions give important clues about the art and belief system of the period. These stones, some decorated with snakes and some with foxes, are like a code from the past. Each of them was carefully sculpted and placed according to a certain order. One of the most impressive aspects of Göbeklitepe is that the structure here was built in layers. The stone rings added one on top of the other over time show that this place was used for a long period of time. However, the biggest question mark is why this place was deliberately covered with soil... Thousands of years ago, when mankind did not even know how to make pottery, how did they build such a complex structure? How did he carry these stones weighing tonnes without tools? Here lies the magic of Göbeklitepe. When you visit, you discover not just an archaeological site, but one of the greatest mysteries of humanity.

Hasankeyf, Batman

Hasankeyf is an ancient city with deep traces of history, resisting time on the banks of the Tigris River. This place, which has been home to many civilisations for thousands of years in the fertile lands of Mesopotamia, is not just a region but almost like an open-air museum. Every rock fragment, every cave and every stone bridge whispers a story from the past. Dating back to 12,000 years ago, Hasankeyf harbours traces of countless civilisations from Sumerians to Persians, Romans to Ottomans. One of the most remarkable structures is Hasankeyf Castle, built by the Artuqids in 1116. This magnificent structure built on steep cliffs rises at a point overlooking the river and dominating the city. Another symbolic structure is Hasankeyf's famous stone bridge. Once known as the largest stone bridge in the Middle East, this structure was an important passage connecting trade routes in the past. Unfortunately, although most of it has been destroyed over time, even its remains are enough to reveal the splendour of this bridge. Today, Hasankeyf is a point where the traces of the past and modern times intersect. It is still possible to go on a boat tour floating on the Tigris and watch the historical caves. The red tones of the evening sun falling on the rocks give this place a fairy-tale atmosphere.

Akdamar Island, Gevas/Van

Rising in the middle of Lake Van with a fairytale beauty, Akdamar Island is a fascinating place not only for its nature but also for the history and legends it carries. Surrounded by the blue of the lake, this small island invites its visitors to a serene journey. As you approach the island from the boat, you are welcomed by the silhouette of the historical church and the lush green almond trees. The greatest treasure of Akdamar is the Surp Haç Church, built by King Gagik I of Vaspurakan in the 10th century. Considered one of the most special examples of Armenian architecture, this building is like a work of art engraved on stones with the reliefs on its facade. These reliefs, depicting scenes from the Bible, tell a story from centuries ago. Fine workmanship and deep meaning are hidden in every detail. The famous legend that bears the name of the island also adds a mystical atmosphere to this place. According to the legend, a monk living in Lake Van has a beautiful daughter named Tamara. A young shepherd falls in love with Tamara and comes to the island every night by swimming in the lake. The girl lights a lantern to show him where she is. One night, however, the shepherd, deceived by a jealous man, is led into the lake in stormy weather and cries out ‘Oh, Tamara!’ as he disappears among the waves. This legend is identified with the name of the island over time.

Ephesus, Izmir

The ancient city of Ephesus is like an open-air museum where history and civilisation are intertwined. Located in Selçuk district of Izmir, this ancient city carries the traces of thousands of years ago to today. The roads you walk on are paved with stones where Roman Emperors, philosophers and merchants once set foot. One of the first buildings that comes to mind when you think of Ephesus is the Temple of Artemis, considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Unfortunately, although most of the temple has been destroyed over time, its splendour and importance on the stage of history is still indisputable. The Library of Celsus, one of the most magnificent buildings of the city, reflects the splendour of the Roman period with its elegant columns and detailed decorations. This building, where thousands of scrolls of books were once stored, preserves its splendour even today. The Grand Theatre is one of the most impressive spots to feel the spirit of Ephesus. With a capacity of approximately 25,000 people, this gigantic structure was once home to gladiator fights and philosophical debates. Today, when you walk here, even your echoing steps take you back thousands of years. Wandering around the ancient city, walking along the famous Kuretler Street with its impressive columns is like travelling back in time. Lined with temples, monuments and statues, this street was one of the busiest roads in the city during the Roman period. The eye-catching reliefs of Hadrian's Temple and details such as Heracles Gate show how special this place is in terms of art and architecture.

Uzungol, Trabzon

Uzungöl is like a paradise hidden in the lush green nature of the Black Sea... Located in the Çaykara district of Trabzon, this natural wonder fascinates its visitors with its steeply sloping forests, plateaus disappearing among the clouds and fascinating lake view. This is not only a lake, but also a place where you can be alone with nature and listen to the sound of peace. While walking around the lake, you breathe in the fragrant scent of the pine trees on the one hand, and on the other hand, you are immersed in the serenity of the clear water reflecting the sky. The fog in the early morning adds a fairytale atmosphere to the lake, while the dance of light on the water at sunrise and sunset is almost like a painting. Uzungol allows you to accumulate unforgettable memories not only with its view but also with the experiences it offers. You can stay in wooden bungalows and wake up to a morning in touch with nature or taste the unique flavours of the Black Sea cuisine. Local flavours such as mıhlama, black cabbage rolls and trout will make the time you spend here even more special. When you step on the paths around the lake, it is a completely different pleasure to watch Uzungol from a bird's eye view from the viewpoints waiting for you. For those who want to go higher, Haldizen Plateau and Lustra Plateau are great stops offering panoramic views and all the colours of nature.

Myra Ancient City, Antalya

Myra Ancient City is a fascinating open-air museum that carries the traces of the Lycian civilisation to the present day. Located in the Demre district of Antalya, this historical settlement takes its visitors on a journey into the past with its monumental rock tombs carved into the steep cliffs, impressive theatre and mystical atmosphere. Myra, one of the most important cities of Lycia in ancient times, is especially known for its rock tombs. These tombs carved into the rocks reflect the beliefs of the Lycian people about life after death, while the reliefs and columns on them look like a work of art. When you look down from the slope where the tombs are located, the ancient theatre unfolds before your eyes in all its glory. The theatre, which was expanded during the Roman period, preserves its impressiveness even today. When you stand on the seating rows and close your eyes, it is possible to imagine the applause and plays that once echoed here. While you are lost in history, the light breeze coming from the surrounding citrus groves makes this place even more fascinating. Myra is also important as the place where St Nicholas, known as Father Christmas, lived and served as a bishop.

Cumalıkızık Village, Bursa

A village hidden in the Uludağ foothills of Bursa, preserving the texture of time: Cumalıkızık. When you walk through the narrow stone streets, the sounds of children's voices echoing among the houses with wooden bay windows, the purple bunches hanging from the walls and the smell of fresh pancakes envelop you. This village, one of the first settlements of the Ottoman Empire, offers a slice of the past. It is not for nothing that it is on the UNESCO World Heritage List; the houses, streets and fountains here have survived almost intact from the Ottoman period to the present day. Especially the colourfully painted houses made of stone and adobe create a unique atmosphere for photography enthusiasts. When you take a coffee break in the shade of the historical plane tree in the village square, it is impossible to return without tasting the raspberry jam special to this place next to the freshly brewed tea. Another detail that makes Cumalıkızık special is the sincerity of the local people. In the village bazaar, which is set up early in the morning, the village women chatting with smiles behind the stalls offer vegetables they have grown themselves, homemade noodles, fragrant tarhana and village breads. Everything here is natural, everything is sincere.

Church of Father Christmas, Demre

The Church of Father Christmas is a place where time and faith are intertwined. This land, where St Nicholas, or Santa Claus, as he is known to the world, lived and served as a bishop, has been a sacred spot for the Christian world throughout history and has attracted countless travellers. When you step between the stone walls of the church, a mystical silence welcomes you. The mosaics on the floor, the faded frescoes on the walls and the columns that still preserve their splendour tell you how magnificent this place once was. Built in the 4th century AD, it was remodelled after the death of St Nicholas to keep his memory alive. During the Middle Ages it was one of the most important stops on the pilgrimage route and pilgrims flocked here to see the tomb of St Nicholas. Today, only an empty sarcophagus remains of the original tomb of St Nicholas in the church. In the 11th century, Italian sailors took his bones to Bari and placed them in a basilica there. But even this did not diminish the importance of this place. Still every year, especially on 6 December, visitors from all over the world flock to Demre to follow the traces of this saint, known as Santa Claus. While visiting the interior of the church, the way the daylight filters through the stone walls and illuminates the frescoes gives you a feeling beyond time.

Cave of the Seven Sleepers, Selcuk

The Cave of the Seven Sleepers is a place steeped in the mystical texture of history. This cave, woven with legends, is not only an archaeological relic, but also a symbol of a centuries-old belief. The narrative of the Seven Sleepers (Ashab-ı Kehf) in Christian and Islamic mythology makes this place much more than an ordinary cave. According to the legend, during the reign of the Roman Emperor Decius, seven young people fleeing from pagan persecution took refuge in a cave to protect their faith. Falling into a deep sleep by a miracle of God, these young people wake up exactly 300 years later and realise that the world has completely changed. At that time, Christianity was accepted and their story became a sacred narrative. Today, the Cave of the Seven Sleepers in Selçuk is one of the most well-known sites of this legend. Around the cave are Byzantine ruins, church foundations and old tombstones. When you come here, you feel the silence of centuries and discover the traces of the past step by step. Especially in the morning hours, the light filtering into the cave makes its mystical atmosphere even more distinct. This cave, which is very close to the ancient city of Ephesus, is a stop where history and legends are intertwined.

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